Gasolene rock-drill.



s; s. WYER.

GASOLENE ROCK DRILL. APPLIGATION FILED JAN.14,1905.

Patented July 30, 1912 2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

ww mm q/qhtmeooeo GHQ meg S. S. WYER.

GASOLENB'ROCK DRILL.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 14, 1905.

Patented July 30, 1912.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

SAMUEL S. WYER, OF COLUMBUS, OHIO, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO THE JEFFREY MANUFACTURING COMPANY,' A CORPORATION OF OHIO.

GAS OLENE ROCK-DRILL.

of which the" renewing"- is, a specification, to-the accomreference being had therein panying drawing. v H

This invention relates to improvements in mechanisms in which work of either of seva reciprocating driven body.

The improvements which I have devised are particularly well adaptedfor'nse in connection with reciprocating drills,' such as 'eral specific sorts is performed by'means of are used-for drilling rockycoal, and other substances.

one of the ,purposesof the invention is to provide a power generating and transmit-9 ting'device, the primary agency in which shallbe an engine of thekinldincluding those which are actuated by explosions. At present'I prefer to use an explosion engine adapted toreceive and explodejg'asolene vapor and to transform the energy of the expl'osioninto the reciprocating'movements of a piston-like body. f l

The description given below, taken in gco'nnection wit-h the drawings; will call attention to the features of construction and modeof operation of the mechanism which I have selected for illustration.

Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of a drilling mechanism embodyingv my im provements. Fig. 2. is an enlarged cross section on the line yg of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the drilling mechanism. Fig. 4 is a cross-section on line ww of Fig. 1;

In the drawings the casing. housing; or frame-structure is shown indicated her, as shown at 1, and two cylindrical parts one at eachend, as shownat 2 and 3.

Across. the central chamber is placed a I crank-shaft F which ismounted in suitable bearings, 4, secured to the side walls of the central chamber 1. The axial portions, 5,

of the crank-shaft extends through the bearings and on the outside of the casing are provided with balance-wheels or fly-Wheels,

G, one on each side. For the free movement of the crank part proper at 6, the top Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed January 14, 1905.

as an entirety by A. It comprises a central cham- Patented July so, 1912. Serial No. 241,077.

and bottom walls of the chamber are expanded and lie on lines substantially concentric with the axis of the shaft.

7 is a piston mounted in the cylinder 3, it

being preferably of trunk sort and 0011- nected to the crank shaft F by the pitman E. 1

D indicates the explosion chamberin the cylinder 3. To this chamber there are admitted at the proper times, and in the;wellknown way, charges of mixture ofgasolene and air, as, for example from a carbureter such as indicated at 8, which. may.be of any of the wellsknown forms. ,The explosive mixture is admitted through an inlet valve at 9, which, as shown, is of the puppet class, but which may be of any suitable sort, and may be actuated positively from the driven partsif desired. The charges-' of mixture are successively .fired .and exploded by -.a spark device indicated at 10, which also may be of any of the formsnow well-known to explosive engineers. The inlet valve 9 andsparking device 10 are insertedin-a outerend ofthe, cylinder 3.

cylinder head 3 which is secured to the .The. exhaust valve is indicated at 11; this also to be of any preferred sort, and actus ated from any sultable part of the-driven q mechanism v a The piston 7 .is secured ,to'a cross-struc ture which extends to and into theeylinder 2 at the other end of the casing or; housing.

In this cylinder 2 there isa plunger orpiston-like body at 12. The two pistons ,7 and 12 are connected together by crossarms or plates 13, preferably made as shown; ,that is to say, with top and bottom brace at, 14 having a slot or, passage-way'15 through which pass the axial parts of the crankshaft. U v i The front ,wall or head end of the cylinder 2 hasa sleeve or hearing 16 extending forward, some distance. The head 17 of the piston part 12-has anaperture at. 18 through which passes the stem part- 19 of the ultimately driven reciprocating part. This stem '19 in the present construction carries the head H which is fitted snugly within the body 12 and the stem 19 fits as snugly as possible in the aperture 18 in. the end wall 17. At I there 1s an air space provided between the Wall 17 andthe front surface of the plunger head H, and the niston and plunger head are cushioned in their several movementsby the body of air contained within this space. I

- An air space or duct I relatively small in cross-sectional area, serves to supply a sufiicient quantity of air to the space in front of the piston H, so as to providea cushion for the said piston after it has cut oil communication between the front end of the chamber and the said air duct. cut or grooved out of the inner wall of the piston 12, and extends from the endof the piston which communicates with the reservoir '1, up to within a short distance of the wall 17 of the piston body 12.

At 20 there is an air-compressing chamber between the front wall 21 of the casing cylinder 2 and the front end 17 of the reciprocating piston cylinder 12. 22 is an airduct cut in the outer surface of a shell 51 rigidly held within the cylinder 2 and within which the piston 12' reciprocates'. This passage 22 leads from the end of the compression chamber back to the apparatus, in

dicated. as an entirety by M, which" directs, controls and regulates the air-currents, and 23 is a duct 'which extends from-{this same airregulating apparatusto the interior ofthe chamber 1 at the center a0 of the mechanism. Of this air conducting and controlling mechanism M, 25 is a wire gauze screen over the inlet air opening 26. 27 is an outlet air chamber connected to an inner chamber 28 by means-of puppet valve 29 which is actuated by a spring 30. Valve 29 has a long hub 31 that slides on the stem 32, which is an integral part of the piston 33 and extension stem 34, the latter having a nut 35. 36 is a valve body that is screwed into the shell of the machine and contains the piston 33 and forms the seat for the valve 29. 37 is an adjusting nut that works in the valve body 36 and contains the spring 38. By turning nut 37 the compression of spring 38 and the'resulting pressure against nut 35 may be varied at will. 39 is adelivery chamber connected to chamber .28 by means of the puppet valve 40, which has a seat 41. 42 is a spring for actuating-valve 40, the latter sliding on the spindle 43' which is an integral part of the seat 41,

' spindle 43 and seat 41 being connected by means of ribs. 44 is a plug that is screwed into the shell A, its object being to make the puppet valve accessible. 23 is aport connecting chamber 39 withthe air chamber 1. 22 is a port connecting chamber 28 with the driving cylinder chamber 20. .45 is an air chamber at one side of the piston 33 and whichisin communication with the chamber 1 by means of a port 46 similar to the port 23. The mechanism M in this present construction is shown solely for the purpose of illustrating one method of carrying out applicants invention, otherair controlling This air duct 1' isand regulating devices now well lmown be- At eachexplosion in the chamber D the piston 7 is driven toward the right (relative directions being indicated on the drawings), and simultaneously with each such movement the piston at 12 compresses a body of air in the compression chamber 20.

The air compressed in chamber 20 passes along the duct 22 to the chamber 28 and, lifting the valve 40, passes into the chamber 39 and thence through the port 23 to the chamber 1 at the rear of the plunger H. It will be understood, of course, that this action takes place providing the pressure in the chamber 1 is sufiiciently reduced, so that the valve 40 will be raised by the air compressed in the chamber 20. On the return stroke of the piston 12 the air will be drawn in through-the opening'26 and, lifting the to the compression chamber 20. The next forward movement or compression stroke of the piston 12, compresses the air in the chamber 20, which was drawn in as described, and forces it along the path, as before traced, into the chamber 1. With succeeding strokes the pressure in the chamber 1 is raised and in order that the machine may not be disrupted or brought to a standstillby too great an accumulation of pressure, means is provided for preventing the I lncrease'of pressure beyond a certain point.

This is accomplished as follows: As has been before pointed out, the chamber at the back of the piston 33 is connected with the chamber 1 by means of a port 46.

When, therefore, the pressure in these cham bers has risen beyond a certain point, the piston 33 will be moved to open the valve 29, thereby placing the chamber 28, and therefore thejcompression chamber in communication with the atmosphere through the opening 26. Any pressure then developed in the compression chamber 20 will pass out into the atmosphere and will not operate to increase the pressure in chamber 1, the device just referred to acting as a safety means. During the first stroke or the first few strokes, it may be that. the plunger H,

its stem 19, and the a tached tool will relmain stationary, but a ter a sufiicient number of compression strokes have been made, and the pressure'in the chamber 1 has been raised sufficiently, there results a forward movement or movements to the right of the motive power to drive it in its working or forward stroke. This forward movement of the plunger head occurs at the time that the hollow piston cylinder 12 is moving toward the right; when the latter is by the crankshaft drawn in a reverse direction, it positively draws backward toward the left the plunger head, putt-ingit in position to be ready for the next forward stroke or movement. So long as the pressure in the chamber l is maintained sufficiently high there will be a tendency for the plunger head H and the tool to quickly follow the part 12, the above-described air-cushion at I being continually between them. IVhen the tool strikes its work, and the plunger head H is stopped, it will be again picked up by the piston 12 on its return to the left. In short,

the plunger head is dependent upon piston.

cylinder 1.2 for its return movement, but is independent thereof on its forward move-- ment or strokes, the latter being caused by the air under pressure in the chamber 1.

Instead of having the drill bit or reciproeating tool rigidly connected to the plunger head, they may be loose in relation to each other and the plunger may be arranged and caused to operate after the manner of the tools of the hammer class.

lVhen the tool and the plunger head are directly connected, as shown, it will be preferable to combine with them automatically acting devices to effect a stepby-step rotation of the tool, and for this purpose any of the mechanisms can be used that are now well-known to the builders of rock drills.

Where, as in the present instance, the tool is rigid with the plunger head and reciprocates therewith, it is desirable at more or less frequentintervals to remove the tool and substitute another, this being provided for by the socket and adjustable fastening devices at 24. With a drilling machineof the sort here presented, depending for its power upon an explosive engine, it is not desirable to stop the engine when one tool is being replaced by another, and I have devised means for permitting such manipulating of the tools while the engine continues in motion.

J is a pawl pivoted to the housing or casing and adapted to be put into engagement with the shank or stem 19 of the plunger, the stem being provided with ratchet ribs at 50 to engage the pawl. lVhen it is desired that the plunger should remain stationary, notwithstanding the movements of the enginc, the pawl is dropped into active positi 1 and the plunger thereafter cannot come ft ward, the piston cylinder at 12 reciprocating independently of it. The safety mechanism for the air-pressure prevents an indefinite increase therein, and the engine (an safely continue running. The pawl is allowed to thus hold the plunger in its inengine on the tool casing comprising an en gine piston, an air compressor comprising a piston, the air compressor piston being connected to the engine piston, a plunger head for the tool, the said mechanism comprising passageway for the air compressed by said piston to said plunger head and means for controlling the compres ed air delivered to the plunger head.

2. The combination of a tool, having a driving head, driving devices for the head detached therefrom, and means for locking the head in various positions relatively to the driving devices while the driving devices are in motion, substantially as set forth.

3. In a drilling or equivalent mechanism, the combination of a tool, a plunger head therefor, means for operating said plunger head by compressed air, means independent of said operating means for locking said tool against movement, and means for controlling the air pressure, substantially as set forth.

4. In a drill or equivalent mechanism, the

combination with a casing consisting at one end of an engine cylinder and at the other end of an air compressor cylinder, of a piston in said engine cylinder, a piston in said air compressor cylinder, said pistons being connected toge her, and a tool plunger head between said pistons, said mechanism comprising ducts for conducting air from said air compressor cylinder to the space between said pistons, substantially as set forth.

5. In a drill or equivalent mechanism, the combination with a casing consisting at one end of an-explosive engine cylinder and at the other of an air compressor cylinder, of a piston in said engine cylinder, a piston in" sald air compressor cylinder, said pistons being connected together, and a tool plunger head between said pistons, said mechanism comprising ducts for conducting air from said air compressor cylinder to the space between said pistons, substantially as set forth.

6. In a drill or equivalent mechanism, the combination with a casing consisting at one end of an engine cylinder and at the other of an air compressor cylinder, of a piston in said engine cylinder, a piston in said air compressor cylinder, said pistons being connected together, a tool plunger head between said pistons, and a tool stem extending throughthe said air compressor piston and the end of the said air compressor cylinder, said mechanism comprising ducts for coning comprising at one end the cylinder .of

ducting air from said air compressor cylinder to the space between said pistons, subst-antially as set forth.

an explosive engine and at the other 'end the cylinder of an air compressor, a piston in the engine cylinder, a piston in the com pressor cylinder, the engine and compressor pistons being rigidly connected together, and a tool head operated by air from said compressor. I

9. Ina drill or equivalent mechanism, the

. combination with a casing .consisting at one end of an explosive engine cylinder and at the other end of an air compressor cylinder and of a central inclosed, fluid-tight chamber communicating with the two cylinders, a piston in said engine cylinder, a piston in said air compressor cylinder, said pistons being connected together, a crank shaft, a connecting rod between the crank shaft and one of the pistons, the said connecting rod and the cranked portion of the shaft being located within the central part of the casing, a fiy wheel connected to the crank shaft, and a third tool operating piston within the air compressor cylinder and on that side of the compressor piston which is near the central chamber, and means for conducting the air compressed in the compressor cylinder to the said central chamber.

10. In a drilling or equivalent mechanism, the comblnatlon of a reservoir, having connected-movable end walls, supports for the end walls, means for reciprocating said end walls, means for supplying air under presin the other direction when the end Walls move in the other direction, by one of said end walls, substantially as set forth.

11. In a drill ng or equivalent mechanism, the combination of a reservoir, having movable connected end walls, supports for the end walls, means for reciprocating said end walls, means for supplying air under pressure to said reservoir, and a piston slidably mounted in said reservoir near one end and adapted to be acted upon by the compressed air to be moved with the end walls when they move in one direction, and to be moved in the other direction when the end walls move in the other direction, by one of said end walls, an air cushion space being provided between said piston and the last mentionedvend wall, substantially as set forth.

12. In a drilling or equivalent mechanism, the combination of a cylindrical reservoir containing a gaseous fluid, of which the end walls at least are movable, these walls being connected to each other, a tool operating piston slidably mounted in said reservoir and cushioned from contact with either end thereofby said gaseous fluid, and means for applying an intermittently variable gas pressure upon the outside face of one of said end walls to cause the reciprocation ofsaid end walls.

In testimony whereof I aihx my signature in presence of two wltnesses.

CHAS. V. VIGOR, F. C. BOZENHARD.

sure to said reservoir, and a piston slidably 

